Uterine Fibroids

Understanding Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatments

 

What are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are non-cancerous growths that occur in the muscular wall of the uterus. They are common, affecting 20% to 80% of women at some point in their lives. Despite being benign, fibroids can cause a range of symptoms that can affect a woman's quality of life.

There are four types of uterine fibroids:

  1. Subserosal Fibroids: These develop in the outer portion of the uterus on the serous membrane. These fibroids may grow big enough where they can push out of the uterus and cause pressure to nearby organs, such as the bladder or rectum which can result in frequent urination, a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying, and/or constipation.

  2. Intramural Fibroids: These are the most common type of fibroids and develop in the muscular wall of the uterus. Because of its location, they can be larger which can also cause the uterus to stretch.

  3. Submucosal Fibroids: These fibroids are the least common and grow within the uterine cavity and can cause heavy bleeding during menstruation.

  4. Pedunculated fibroids: These fibroids are attached to the uterine wall by a stalk and can twist or become painful. They also can grow either outside the uterus or inside the uterine cavity.

Causes of Uterine Fibroids

The cause of uterine fibroids is still unknown. Researchers believe that there are two likely factors that play a role in fibroid development which includes hormones (estrogen and progesterone) and genetics.

Uterine Fibroid Risk Factors

  • Age: Women in their 30s and 40s are at more risk to developing uterine fibroids, especially during menopause. After menopause, the fibroids usually begin to shrink.

  • Genetics: Having a family member with uterine fibroids increases a woman’s risk of having them by three times compared to having no family history with fibroids.

  • Ethnic origin: African-American women and women of color are more likely to have fibroids than white women. They also develop earlier and grow faster in people of color.

  • Obesity: Women who struggle with being overweight are at higher risk for developing uterine fibroids. In severe cases of obesity, the risk of having them is two to three times greater than the average.

  • Eating habits: Eating a lot of red meat, ham, or soy based milk is linked with a higher risk of developing uterine fibroids.

Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids affect every woman differently. For some women, they can experience little to no symptoms. However for others, they may experience symptoms including:

  • Heavy or frequently occurring menstrual bleeding

  • Constipation

  • Pelvic pain

  • Pressure on bladder which can cause frequent urination and/or a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying

  • Pressure on the rectum which can cause constipation

  • Back pain

  • Painful sexual intercourse

Diagnosing Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids are often found during routine pelvic examinations. However, various diagnostic procedures can confirm their presence, such as:

  • Ultrasound: An imaging method to generate images of the uterus, helping identify the location and size of the fibroids.

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): A more advanced imaging method offering a detailed view of fibroids and the uterus.

  • Hysteroscopy: A procedure where a small device is inserted into the uterus, providing direct imaging of the inside.

Treatment Options

Several treatment options exist for uterine fibroids, and the best approach largely depends on the individual's symptoms, fibroid size, location, and personal preferences.

  1. Medication: Certain medications can control symptoms or shrink fibroids.

  2. Non-Invasive Procedures: Techniques like MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) are used.

  3. Minimally Invasive Procedures: These include uterine fibroid embolization, radiofrequency ablation, and endometrial ablation.

  4. Surgical Procedures: These are considered when other treatments are ineffective or inappropriate. Surgeries can range from myomectomy (removing the fibroids while sparing the uterus) to a hysterectomy (removing the uterus entirely).

Treating Uterine Fibroids at Indiana Vascular

Understanding uterine fibroids is the first step towards effective management and treatment. Remember, though these growths may cause discomfort and concern, they are typically benign and treatable. If you suspect you may have fibroids, don't hesitate to seek medical help.

At Indiana Vascular, we offer a facility filled with state-of-the-art equipment and a staff of experienced doctors that specialize in treating uterine fibroids. We will work with you in creating a treatment plan tailored to your individualized needs, and will walk with you every step of the way to ensure a favorable outcome and swift recovery.

Do not allow uterine fibroids to negatively impact your quality of life. Schedule an appointment with us today to receive a consultation and gain insight into the condition, as well as discover how we can enhance your overall health.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • No, uterine fibroids are usually benign, or noncancerous, but they can cause other health complications.

  • In some cases, uterine fibroids may make it harder for some women to become pregnant.

  • Yes, maintaining a healthy weight and eating a balanced diet may help.

  • Yes, uterine fibroids can recur after treatment. Regular follow-ups with your doctor are crucial.

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